Abordagem sobre os fatores de risco da tripanosomose bovina devido ao Trypanosoma vivax nos pantanais Boliviano e Brasileiro
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35172/rvz.2006.v13.261Palavras-chave:
Tripanosomoses bovina, Trypanosoma vivax, fatores de risco, Bolívia, BrasilResumo
O Trypanosoma vivax causou entre 1995 e 1997 doença devastadora nos Pantanais da Bolívia
e Brasil. Estas regiões são importantes criatórios de bovinos de corte nos dois países. Os
principais sinais clínicos da tripanosomose bovina foram anemia, leucopenia severa e aborto.
O propósito do presente estudo foi analisar os fatores de risco da tripanosomose bovina
natural nos Pantanais da Bolivia e do Brasil. Concluímos que os principais fatores de risco
relacionados à transmissão do T. vivax nos pantanais boliviano e brasileiro foram o transporte
a pé, porque as condições para a aquisição ou transmissão do T. vivax foram maiores nos
numerosos locais de descanso do animais ao longo das estradas boiadeiras, o uso de agulhas
contaminadas durante as vacinações e a transmissão pelos tabanídeos durante a estação
chuvosa. A contaminação da fauna deveria ser considerada.
Referências
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Naturais e Socio-econômicos do Pantanal, EMBRAPA-CPAP, Corumbá, MS, 28
Novembro a 4 Dezembro 1984, p.105-106, 1986.
ALHO, C.J.R.; LACHER JR, T.E.; GONÇALVES, H.C. Environmental degradation in the
Pantanal ecosystem. BioScience, v.38, p.164-171, 1988.
BARROS, T.; FOIL, L. Seasonal occurrence and relative abundance of Tabanidae (Diptera)
from the Pantanal region, Brazil. Memoirs of Entomology International, v.14, p.387-396,
1999.
BROWN, K. S. JR. Zoogeografía da região do Pantanal Mato-Grossense. In: Anais do
Simpósio sobre Recursos Naturais e Socio-econômicos do Pantanal, EMBRAPA-CPAP,
Corumbá, MS, 28 Novembro a 4 Dezembro, 1 984, p.137-178, I986.
CADAVID-GARCIA, C. Comercialização do gado bovino do Pantanal Matogrossense.
Comunicado Tecnico EMBRAPA/CPAP,Corumbá,. 1985.
CARRIQUE-MAS, J. J.; WIDDOWSON, M.A.; CUELLAR, A.M.; RIBERA, H.; WALKER,
A. R. Risk of babesiosis and anaplasmosis in different ecological zones of Santa Cruz
Department, Bolivia. Veterinary Parasitology, v.93, p.29-38, 2000.
COLLISCHONN, W.; TUCCI, C. E. M.; CLARKE, R. T. Further evidence of changes in the
hydrological regime of the river Paraguay: part of a wider phenomenon of climate change?
Journal of Hydrology, v.245, p.218-238, 2001.
GARDINER, P. R. Recent studies of the Biology of Trypanosoma vivax . Advances in
Parasitology, v.28, p.229-317, 1989.
HALL, M.; CHAINEY, J.; BETELLA, P.; ARAMAYO, J. L. Tabanidae of Santa Cruz
Department, Bolivia, and their role as pest of livestock. October 1992 to March 1993. Final
Report on ODA Animal Health Programme Project R5407, 66pp, 1993.
HOARE, C.A. The Trypanosomes of Mammals. A Zoological Monograph, Blackwell
Scientific Publication, Oxford, 749 pp, 1972.
HOLMES, P. H. New approaches to the control of trypanosomosis. Veterinary Parasitology,
v.71, p.121-135, 1997.
ILEMOBADE, A. A.; ADEGBOYE, D. S.; ONOVIRAM, O.; CHIMA, J. C.
Immunodepressive effects of trypanosomal infection in cattle immunized against contagious
bovine pleuropneumonia. Parasite Immunology, v.4, p.273-282, 1982.
JUNK, W. J.; C. J. DA SILVA. Neotropical floodplains: A comparison between the Pantanal
of Mato Grosso and the large Amazonian river floodplains. In: Limnology in Brazil. J.G.
Tundisi, C.E.M. Bicudo and T Matsumura Tundisi (eds.), Brazilian Academy of Sciences and
Brazilian Limnological Society, p.195-218, 1995.
LEGER, M; VIENNE, M. Epizootie à trypanosome chez les bovidés de la Guyane Française.
Bulletin de la Societe de Pathologie Exotique, v.12, p.258-266, 1919.
LEVINE, N. D. Protozoan Parasites of Domestic Animals and of Man. 2 Minneapolis,
Minnesota: Burgess Publishing Company,:406 p. , 1973.
MELENDEZ, R. D.; FORLANO, M.; FIGUEROA, W. Perinatal infection with Trypanosoma
vivax in a calf in Venezuela. Trypnews, v.2, p.4-5, 1995.
MOURAO, G.; COUTINHO, M.; MAURO, R.; CAMPOS, Z.; TOMAS, W.;
MAGNUSSON, W. Aerial surveys of caiman, marsh deer and pampas deer in the Pantanal
Wetland of Brazil. Biological Conservation, v.92, p.175-183, 2000.
OTTE, M. J.; ABUABARA, J. Y. Transmission of South American Trypanosoma vivax by
the neotropical horsefly Tabanus nebulosus. Acta Tropica, v.49, p.3-76, 1991.
PEREGRINE, A. S. Chemotherapy and delivery systems: haemoparasites. Veterinay
Parasitology, v.54, p.223-248, 1994.
PRESENCIA DEL PAIS La principal actividad económica del Beni en riesgo. Ganaderos
benianos se declaram en emergencia. 27 de agosto, p3. , 1997.
RAYMOND, H. L. Tabanus importunus, vecteur mécanique experimental de Trypanosoma
vivax en Guyane française. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee, v.65, p.44-46,
1990.
SEIDL, A.; MORAES, A. S.; SILVA, R.A.M.S. A financial analysis of treatment strategies
for Trypanosoma evansi in the Brazilian Pantanal. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, v.33,
p.219-234, 1998.
SEIDL A.; SILVA, DOS S.V. DA, J.; MORAES, A. S. Cattle ranching and deflorestation in
the Brazilian Pantanal. Ecological Economics, v.36: 413-425, 2001.
SHAW, J. J; LAINSON, R. Trypanosoma vivax in Brazil. Annals of Tropical Medicine and
Parasitology, v.66, p.25-32, 1972.
SILVA, R. A. M. S.; BARROS, A. T. M.; HERRERA, H. M. Trypanosomosis outbreaks due
to Trypanosoma evansi in the Pantanal, Brazil. Revue d'Elevage et de Médecine
Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, v.48, p.315-319, 1995.
SILVA, R. A. M. S.; DA SILVA, J. A.; SCHNEIDER R. C.; DE FREITAS, J.; MESQUITA,
D. P.; MESQUITA, T. C.; RAMIREZ, L.; DAVILA, A. M. R.; PEREIRA, M. E. B. Bovine
trypanosomosis due to Trypanosoma vivax in the Northen subregion of Patanal, Brazil.
Trypnews, v.2, p.1-2, 1995.
SILVA, R. A. M. S.; DA SILVA, J. A.; SCHENEIDER, R. C.; DE FREITAS, J.;
MESQUITA, D. P.; MESQUITA, T. C.; RAMIREZ, L.; DAVILA, A. M. R.; PEREIRA, M.
E. B. Outbreak of trypanosomiasis due to Trypanosoma vivax (Ziemann, 1905) in bovines of
the Pantanal, Brazil. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, v.52, p.561-562, 1996.
SILVA, R. A. M. S.; MORALEZ, G.; EULERT, E.; MONTENEGRO, A.; YBANEZ, R.
Outbreaks of trypanosomosis due to Trypanosoma vivax in cattle in Bolivia. Veterinary
Parasitology, v.76, p.153-157, 1998.
SILVA, R. A. M. S.; RAMIREZ, L.; SOUZA, S. S.; ORTIZ, A. G.; PEREIRA, S. R.;
DAVILA, A. M. R. Hematology of natural bovine trypanosomosis in the Brazilian Pantanal
and Bolivian Pantanals. Veterinary Parasitology, v.85, p.87-93, 1999.
SOLANO, C.; BERNUES, A.; ROJAS, F.; JOAQUIN, N.; FERNANDEZ, W.; HERRERO,
M. Relationship between management intensity and structural and social variables in dairy
and dual-purpose systems in Santa Cruz, Bolivia. Agricultural Systems, v.65, p.159-177,
2000.
WELLS, E. A.; RAMIREZ, L. E.; BETANCOURT, A. Trypanosoma vivax in Colombia:
Interpretation of field results. Tropical Animal Health and Production, v.14, p.141-150,
1982.
Naturais e Socio-econômicos do Pantanal, EMBRAPA-CPAP, Corumbá, MS, 28
Novembro a 4 Dezembro 1984, p.105-106, 1986.
ALHO, C.J.R.; LACHER JR, T.E.; GONÇALVES, H.C. Environmental degradation in the
Pantanal ecosystem. BioScience, v.38, p.164-171, 1988.
BARROS, T.; FOIL, L. Seasonal occurrence and relative abundance of Tabanidae (Diptera)
from the Pantanal region, Brazil. Memoirs of Entomology International, v.14, p.387-396,
1999.
BROWN, K. S. JR. Zoogeografía da região do Pantanal Mato-Grossense. In: Anais do
Simpósio sobre Recursos Naturais e Socio-econômicos do Pantanal, EMBRAPA-CPAP,
Corumbá, MS, 28 Novembro a 4 Dezembro, 1 984, p.137-178, I986.
CADAVID-GARCIA, C. Comercialização do gado bovino do Pantanal Matogrossense.
Comunicado Tecnico EMBRAPA/CPAP,Corumbá,. 1985.
CARRIQUE-MAS, J. J.; WIDDOWSON, M.A.; CUELLAR, A.M.; RIBERA, H.; WALKER,
A. R. Risk of babesiosis and anaplasmosis in different ecological zones of Santa Cruz
Department, Bolivia. Veterinary Parasitology, v.93, p.29-38, 2000.
COLLISCHONN, W.; TUCCI, C. E. M.; CLARKE, R. T. Further evidence of changes in the
hydrological regime of the river Paraguay: part of a wider phenomenon of climate change?
Journal of Hydrology, v.245, p.218-238, 2001.
GARDINER, P. R. Recent studies of the Biology of Trypanosoma vivax . Advances in
Parasitology, v.28, p.229-317, 1989.
HALL, M.; CHAINEY, J.; BETELLA, P.; ARAMAYO, J. L. Tabanidae of Santa Cruz
Department, Bolivia, and their role as pest of livestock. October 1992 to March 1993. Final
Report on ODA Animal Health Programme Project R5407, 66pp, 1993.
HOARE, C.A. The Trypanosomes of Mammals. A Zoological Monograph, Blackwell
Scientific Publication, Oxford, 749 pp, 1972.
HOLMES, P. H. New approaches to the control of trypanosomosis. Veterinary Parasitology,
v.71, p.121-135, 1997.
ILEMOBADE, A. A.; ADEGBOYE, D. S.; ONOVIRAM, O.; CHIMA, J. C.
Immunodepressive effects of trypanosomal infection in cattle immunized against contagious
bovine pleuropneumonia. Parasite Immunology, v.4, p.273-282, 1982.
JUNK, W. J.; C. J. DA SILVA. Neotropical floodplains: A comparison between the Pantanal
of Mato Grosso and the large Amazonian river floodplains. In: Limnology in Brazil. J.G.
Tundisi, C.E.M. Bicudo and T Matsumura Tundisi (eds.), Brazilian Academy of Sciences and
Brazilian Limnological Society, p.195-218, 1995.
LEGER, M; VIENNE, M. Epizootie à trypanosome chez les bovidés de la Guyane Française.
Bulletin de la Societe de Pathologie Exotique, v.12, p.258-266, 1919.
LEVINE, N. D. Protozoan Parasites of Domestic Animals and of Man. 2 Minneapolis,
Minnesota: Burgess Publishing Company,:406 p. , 1973.
MELENDEZ, R. D.; FORLANO, M.; FIGUEROA, W. Perinatal infection with Trypanosoma
vivax in a calf in Venezuela. Trypnews, v.2, p.4-5, 1995.
MOURAO, G.; COUTINHO, M.; MAURO, R.; CAMPOS, Z.; TOMAS, W.;
MAGNUSSON, W. Aerial surveys of caiman, marsh deer and pampas deer in the Pantanal
Wetland of Brazil. Biological Conservation, v.92, p.175-183, 2000.
OTTE, M. J.; ABUABARA, J. Y. Transmission of South American Trypanosoma vivax by
the neotropical horsefly Tabanus nebulosus. Acta Tropica, v.49, p.3-76, 1991.
PEREGRINE, A. S. Chemotherapy and delivery systems: haemoparasites. Veterinay
Parasitology, v.54, p.223-248, 1994.
PRESENCIA DEL PAIS La principal actividad económica del Beni en riesgo. Ganaderos
benianos se declaram en emergencia. 27 de agosto, p3. , 1997.
RAYMOND, H. L. Tabanus importunus, vecteur mécanique experimental de Trypanosoma
vivax en Guyane française. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee, v.65, p.44-46,
1990.
SEIDL, A.; MORAES, A. S.; SILVA, R.A.M.S. A financial analysis of treatment strategies
for Trypanosoma evansi in the Brazilian Pantanal. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, v.33,
p.219-234, 1998.
SEIDL A.; SILVA, DOS S.V. DA, J.; MORAES, A. S. Cattle ranching and deflorestation in
the Brazilian Pantanal. Ecological Economics, v.36: 413-425, 2001.
SHAW, J. J; LAINSON, R. Trypanosoma vivax in Brazil. Annals of Tropical Medicine and
Parasitology, v.66, p.25-32, 1972.
SILVA, R. A. M. S.; BARROS, A. T. M.; HERRERA, H. M. Trypanosomosis outbreaks due
to Trypanosoma evansi in the Pantanal, Brazil. Revue d'Elevage et de Médecine
Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, v.48, p.315-319, 1995.
SILVA, R. A. M. S.; DA SILVA, J. A.; SCHNEIDER R. C.; DE FREITAS, J.; MESQUITA,
D. P.; MESQUITA, T. C.; RAMIREZ, L.; DAVILA, A. M. R.; PEREIRA, M. E. B. Bovine
trypanosomosis due to Trypanosoma vivax in the Northen subregion of Patanal, Brazil.
Trypnews, v.2, p.1-2, 1995.
SILVA, R. A. M. S.; DA SILVA, J. A.; SCHENEIDER, R. C.; DE FREITAS, J.;
MESQUITA, D. P.; MESQUITA, T. C.; RAMIREZ, L.; DAVILA, A. M. R.; PEREIRA, M.
E. B. Outbreak of trypanosomiasis due to Trypanosoma vivax (Ziemann, 1905) in bovines of
the Pantanal, Brazil. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, v.52, p.561-562, 1996.
SILVA, R. A. M. S.; MORALEZ, G.; EULERT, E.; MONTENEGRO, A.; YBANEZ, R.
Outbreaks of trypanosomosis due to Trypanosoma vivax in cattle in Bolivia. Veterinary
Parasitology, v.76, p.153-157, 1998.
SILVA, R. A. M. S.; RAMIREZ, L.; SOUZA, S. S.; ORTIZ, A. G.; PEREIRA, S. R.;
DAVILA, A. M. R. Hematology of natural bovine trypanosomosis in the Brazilian Pantanal
and Bolivian Pantanals. Veterinary Parasitology, v.85, p.87-93, 1999.
SOLANO, C.; BERNUES, A.; ROJAS, F.; JOAQUIN, N.; FERNANDEZ, W.; HERRERO,
M. Relationship between management intensity and structural and social variables in dairy
and dual-purpose systems in Santa Cruz, Bolivia. Agricultural Systems, v.65, p.159-177,
2000.
WELLS, E. A.; RAMIREZ, L. E.; BETANCOURT, A. Trypanosoma vivax in Colombia:
Interpretation of field results. Tropical Animal Health and Production, v.14, p.141-150,
1982.
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Publicado
2006-12-22
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1.
Aguilar M. S. Silva R. Abordagem sobre os fatores de risco da tripanosomose bovina devido ao Trypanosoma vivax nos pantanais Boliviano e Brasileiro. RVZ [Internet]. 22º de dezembro de 2006 [citado 5º de novembro de 2024];13(2):153-62. Disponível em: https://rvz.emnuvens.com.br/rvz/article/view/261
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