Effects of the association of propofol - Cetamine versus propofol isolated in dogs submitted to orchiectomies

Abstract

Propofol is an intravenous anesthetic used for anesthetic induction that may be also used for maintenance, associated or not. The aim of this study was to investigate whether propofol associated with ketamine in induction and maintenance of anesthesia in orchiectomy of dogs causes cardiorespiratory alterations compared to its isolated use. Among the evaluations were verified time of induction and anesthetic recovery, hemodynamic profile, and quantification of the dose reduction percentage obtained with the proposed association. Twenty male dogs were used between one and six years of age, without distinction of race and weight. The animals were randomly distributed into four groups with five animals into each group: PC (propofol + ketamine), P (propofol), C (ketamine) and CTRL (control) group. The parameters were evaluated by a multiparametric monitor, immediately after the preanesthetic medication and every 15 minutes until the end of the procedure. The results showed that in none of the groups did statistically significant changes occur in heart rate, but for the respiratory rate was observed to be statistically different from the CTRL group versus the P group and the C group in which the p-value was less than 0.001 and group CTRL versus PC in which the p-value was less than 0.05. Peripheral oxygen saturation was statistically significant between the CTRL and P groups (p less than 0.001) and between the CTRL and PC groups (p less than 0.01). In body temperature it was observed that there was a statistically significant difference in relation to the CTRL versus P group (p was lower than 0.001), between the CTRL versus PC group and between the CTRL and C groups, the p value was also lower than 0.001. It can be concluded that the anesthetic protocol that has the greatest advantage in the use of orchiectomy in dogs is the association of propofol with ketamine, providing a better respiratory rate and oxygen saturation, halving the dose of anesthetics and providing better induction and recovery of anesthetics.