EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE FOR TOXOPLASMOSIS AND CHAGAS DISEASE IN PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS (PLWHA)

Authors

  • Flavio Gonçalves Brito Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" – UNESP, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu - FMB, Botucatu, SP
  • Alexandre Naime Barbosa Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" – UNESP, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu -FMB, Botucatu, SP https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2187-4722
  • Rodrigo Costa da Silva Universidade do Oeste Paulista – UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, SP https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9319-7516
  • Gismelli Cristiane Angeluci Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” - UNESP, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia - FMVZ, Botucatu, SP https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6540-6050
  • Mariana Zancheta e Gava Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” - UNESP, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia - FMVZ, Botucatu, SP
  • Benedito Donizete Menozzi Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” - UNESP, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia - FMVZ, Botucatu, SP
  • Helio Langoni Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” - UNESP, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia - FMVZ, Botucatu, SP https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5127-0762

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35172/rvz.2023.v30.1558

Keywords:

immunosuppressed patients, anthropozoonoses, antibodies, risk factors

Abstract

The interest in the study of zoonoses, diseases common to humans and animals and related to single health, has increased markedly in recent years, requiring greater integration, knowledge and relationship between health professionals. Toxoplasmosis and Chagas disease (CD) are of high importance for public health, especially for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), as immunosuppression can aggravate the disease. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of these zoonoses in PLWHA treated at the Specialized Outpatient Service of Infectology "Domingos Alves Meira" (SAEI-DAM), of the Medical School of Botucatu, Unesp, and its association with risk factors related to both. Antibodies to Toxoplasma  gondii and Trypanosoma cruzi were investigated  in 236 samples of PLWHA serum, 154 (65%) were positive for T. gondii and 4 (1.69%) for T. cruzi. Twenty-one patients (8.89%) had neurotoxoplasmosis and six (2.54%) ocular toxoplasmosis. The high seroprevalence for toxoplasmosis may be a consequence of the close interaction with pets, especially cats, among other factors, concluding that the risk of clinical toxoplasmosis is high in the population studied due to the possibility of reactivation in immunocompromised patients, aggravated by the lack of information about the forms of infection and irregular use of ART found in the research. Given the results, it is believed that access to information, especially in those from rural areas, is a measure of great effectiveness in preventing exposure to toxoplasmosis, since higher seropositivity was associated with individuals with lower education and eating habits associated with the origin of animal products (meat and milk) and tap water intake. Educational campaigns that promote the development of attitudes and lifestyle can provide a reduction in morbidity and mortality in this at-risk population.

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2023-12-13

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1.
Gonçalves Brito F, Naime Barbosa A, Costa da Silva R, Angeluci GC, Zancheta e Gava M, Menozzi BD, Langoni H. EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE FOR TOXOPLASMOSIS AND CHAGAS DISEASE IN PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). RVZ [Internet]. 2023 Dec. 13 [cited 2024 Nov. 21];30:1-23. Available from: https://rvz.emnuvens.com.br/rvz/article/view/1558

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Vol. 30 (2023)

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