ONE HEALTH AND COVID-19: REVIEW OF THE POTENTIAL OF ANIMALS TO BE RESERVOIRS OF THE VIRUS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35172/rvz.2020.v27.481Keywords:
veterinary medicine, SARS-COV-2, transmission, zoonosesAbstract
ABSTRACT
The disease COVID-19, caused by the agent SARS-COV-2, comes from the mutation of the SARS-COV virus of animal origin, becoming relevant not only for causing infections in humans but also for having a possible zoonotic character. With this possibility, studies seek to prove the presence of the agent in several species of domestic animals and what are the similarities between these and the human being. An literature review of several scientific publications covering the possibility of animals being reservoirs of the new coronavirus agent, as well as to emphasize the importance of unique health in disease control through the search of publications made up to 10 June 2020. In studies with companion animals, dogs and cats, tested using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test, which allows the presence of the infectious agent in the genetic material of patients, some of the animals evaluated tested positive for the new coronavirus. However, in relation to production animals, so far, no positive animals have been detected for the new coronavirus, suggesting that they are not susceptible to this infection. With this review, it is emphasized that the zoonotic potential of the new coronavirus is notorious from existing studies, but further studies addressing this theme are still needed. In addition, the importance of a single health action in a multidisciplinary way is evidenced, in which doctors, nurses, veterinarians, among many, before all sources involved in the spread of diseases, such as COVID-19.
References
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17. Liu Z, Xiao X, Wei X, Li J, Yang J, Tan H, Zhu J, Zhang Q, Wu J, Liu L.. Composition and divergence of coronavirus spike proteins and host ACE2 receptors predict potential intermediate hosts of SARS‐CoV‐2. J Med Virol. 2020; 92: 595– 601. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25726
18. Temmam S., Barbarino A., Maso D., Behillil S., Enouf V., Absence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cats and dogs in close contact with a cluster of COVID-19 patients in a veterinary campus. bioRxiv (2020).
19. Shen, M., Liu, C., Xu, R., Ruan, Z., Zhao, S., Zhang, H., Wang, W., Huang, X., Yang, L., Tang, Y., Yang, T., Jia, X. SARS-CoV-2 Infection of Cats and Dogs? Preprints. 2020.
20. Ristow, Luiz Eduardo, Carvalho, Otávio Valério de e Gebara, Rosangela Ribeiro. COVID-19 em felinos, seu papel na saúde humana e possíveis implicações para os seus tutores e para a vigilância em saúde. Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde [online]. v. 29, n. 2 [Acessado 8 Junho 2020] , e2020228. Disponível em: <https://doi.org/10.5123/S1679-49742020000300005>. ISSN 2237-9622.
21. Wang M, Jing HQ, Xu HF, Jiang XG, Kan B, Liu QY, Wan KL, Cui BY, Zheng H, Cui ZG, Yan MY, Liang WL, Wang HX, Qi XB, Li ZJ, Li MC, Chen K, Zhang EM, Zhang SY, Hai R, Yu DZ, Xu JG. [Surveillance on severe acute respiratory syndrome associated coronavirus in animals at a live animal market of Guangzhou in 2004]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2005 Feb;26(2):84-7. Chinese. PMID: 15921605.
22. Kandeil A, Gomaa M, Shehata M, El-Taweel A, Kayed AE, Abiadh A, Jrijer J, Moatasim Y, Kutkat O, Bagato O, Mahmoud S, Mostafa A, El-Shesheny R, Perera RA, Ko RL, Hassan N, Elsokary B, Allal L, Saad A, Sobhy H, McKenzie PP, Webby RJ, Peiris M, Ali MA, Kayali G. . Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in non-camelid domestic mammals. Emerging Microbes & Infections, 2019. 8(1): p. 103-108.
23. Deng J, Jin Y, Liu Y, Sun J, Hao L, Bai J, Huang T, Lin D, Jin Y, Tian K. . Serological survey of SARS-CoV-2 for experimental, domestic, companion and wild animals excludes intermediate hosts of 35 different species of animals. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 2020. n/a(n/a) Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.13577.
24. World Health Organization, First data on stability and resistance of SARS coronavirus compiled by members of WHO laboratory network. 2003. Available from: https://www.who.int/csr/sars/survival_2003_05_04/en/
25. Yeo, C, Kaushal, S, Yeo, D. Enteric involvement of coronaviruses: is faecal–oral transmission of SARS-CoV-2 possible? The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology, vol 5, issue 4, p335-337, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30048-0
26. Wu Y, Guo C, Tang L, Hong Z, Zhou J, Dong X, Yin H, Xiao Q, Tang Y, Qu X, Kuang L, Fang X, Mishra N, Lu J, Shan H, Jiang G, Huang X. . (2020). Prolonged presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in faecal samples. The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 5(5), 434–435. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30083-2.
2. Decaro, N., Martella, V., Saif, LJ., Buonavoglia, C. (2020). COVID-19 from veterinary medicine and one health perspectives: What animal coronaviruses have taught us. Research in veterinary science, 131, 21–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.04.009
3. Buonavoglia, C., Decaro, N., Martella, V., Elia, G., Campolo, M., Desario, C., Castagnaro., Tempesta, M. (2006). Canine Coronavirus Highly Pathogenic for Dogs. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 12(3), 492-494. https://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1203.050839.
4. Mattar, SGM. Zoonotic emergence of coronavirus: A potential public risk for Latin America. Rev MVZ Cordoba. 2018;23:6775-77.
5. Rodriguez-Morales, AJ, Cardona-Ospina, JA, Gutiérrez-Ocampo, E,Villamizar-Peña, R, Holguin-Rivera, Y, Escalera-Antezana, JP et al. Clinical, laboratory and imaging features of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease, Volume 34, 2020.
6. Lam, T. T., Jia, N., Zhang, Y. W., Shum, M. H., Jiang, J. F., Zhu, H. C., Tong, Y. G., Shi, Y. X., Ni, X. B., Liao, Y. S., Li, W. J., Jiang, B. G., Wei, W., Yuan, T. T., Zheng, K., Cui, X. M., Li, J., Pei, G. Q., Qiang, X., Cheung, W. Y., … Cao, W. C. Identifying SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses in Malayan pangolins. Nature (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2169-0
7. Wong, MC., Javornik Cregeen, S. J., Ajami, N. J., Petrosino, J. F. (2020). Evidence of recombination in coronaviruses implicating pangolin origins of nCoV-2019. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2020.02.07.939207. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.07.939207
8. Shi J, Wen Z, Zhong G, Yang H, Wang C, Huang B, Liu R, He X, Shuai L, Sun Z, Zhao Y, Liu P, Liang L, Cui P, Wang J, Zhang X, Guan Y, Tan W, Wu G, Chen H, Bu Z. (2020). Susceptibility of ferrets, cats, dogs, and other domesticated animals to SARS-coronavirus 2. Science (New York, N.Y.), 368(6494), 1016–1020. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abb7015
9. OIE - World Organisation for Animal Health, Information received on 07/04/2020 from Dr Thomas Sit, Chief Veterinary Officer / Assistant Director (Inspection & Quarantine), Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, Hong Kong , Hong Kong. Follow-up report No. 1 (Final report), 2020
10. USDAa - United States Department of Agriculture. USDA Statement on the Confirmation of COVID-19 in a Tiger in New York. May, 2020. Available in <https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/newsroom/news/sa_by_date/sa-2020/ny-zoo-covid-19>. [Accessed 5 Jun 2020].
11. O’Connor, A.M, Totton, S.C. and Sargeant, J.M. A rapid review of evidence of infection of pets and livestock with human-associated coronavirus diseases, SARS, MERS, and COVID-19, and evidence of the fomite potential of pets and livestock. SYREAF [Systematic Reviews for Animals and Food]. 2020.
12.Qiang Zhang, Huajun Zhang, Kun Huang, Yong Yang, Xianfeng Hui, Jindong Gao, Xinglin He, Chengfei Li, Wenxiao Gong, Yufei Zhang, Cheng Peng, Xiaoxiao Gao, Huanchun Chen, Zhong Zou, Zhengli Shi, Meilin Jin. SARS-Cov-2 neutralizing serum antibodies in cats: a serological investigation. BioRxiv. 2020. doi: https:// doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.01.021196.
13. Lan J, Ge J, Yu J, Shan S, Zhou H, Fan S, Zhang Q, Shi X, Wang Q, Zhang L, Wang X.. Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor. Nature https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2180-5 (2020)
14. Almendros, A. Can companion animals become infected with Covid-19? Vet Record. 2020 Mar; 186: 388-389.
15. Bryner J. Cat infected with COVID-19 from owner in Belgium. Live Science. Mar 2020. Disponível em: <https://www.livescience.com/cat-infected-covid-19-from-owner.html>. [Acessado 5 Jun 2020].
16. USDAb - United States Department of Agriculture. Confirmation of COVID-19 in Pet Dog in New York. Jun, 2020. Available in: <http://aphis.usda.gov/aphisnewsroom/stakeholder-info/sa_by_date/sa-2020/sa-06/sars-cov-2-dog>. [Accessed 5 Jun 2020].
17. Liu Z, Xiao X, Wei X, Li J, Yang J, Tan H, Zhu J, Zhang Q, Wu J, Liu L.. Composition and divergence of coronavirus spike proteins and host ACE2 receptors predict potential intermediate hosts of SARS‐CoV‐2. J Med Virol. 2020; 92: 595– 601. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25726
18. Temmam S., Barbarino A., Maso D., Behillil S., Enouf V., Absence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cats and dogs in close contact with a cluster of COVID-19 patients in a veterinary campus. bioRxiv (2020).
19. Shen, M., Liu, C., Xu, R., Ruan, Z., Zhao, S., Zhang, H., Wang, W., Huang, X., Yang, L., Tang, Y., Yang, T., Jia, X. SARS-CoV-2 Infection of Cats and Dogs? Preprints. 2020.
20. Ristow, Luiz Eduardo, Carvalho, Otávio Valério de e Gebara, Rosangela Ribeiro. COVID-19 em felinos, seu papel na saúde humana e possíveis implicações para os seus tutores e para a vigilância em saúde. Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde [online]. v. 29, n. 2 [Acessado 8 Junho 2020] , e2020228. Disponível em: <https://doi.org/10.5123/S1679-49742020000300005>. ISSN 2237-9622.
21. Wang M, Jing HQ, Xu HF, Jiang XG, Kan B, Liu QY, Wan KL, Cui BY, Zheng H, Cui ZG, Yan MY, Liang WL, Wang HX, Qi XB, Li ZJ, Li MC, Chen K, Zhang EM, Zhang SY, Hai R, Yu DZ, Xu JG. [Surveillance on severe acute respiratory syndrome associated coronavirus in animals at a live animal market of Guangzhou in 2004]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2005 Feb;26(2):84-7. Chinese. PMID: 15921605.
22. Kandeil A, Gomaa M, Shehata M, El-Taweel A, Kayed AE, Abiadh A, Jrijer J, Moatasim Y, Kutkat O, Bagato O, Mahmoud S, Mostafa A, El-Shesheny R, Perera RA, Ko RL, Hassan N, Elsokary B, Allal L, Saad A, Sobhy H, McKenzie PP, Webby RJ, Peiris M, Ali MA, Kayali G. . Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in non-camelid domestic mammals. Emerging Microbes & Infections, 2019. 8(1): p. 103-108.
23. Deng J, Jin Y, Liu Y, Sun J, Hao L, Bai J, Huang T, Lin D, Jin Y, Tian K. . Serological survey of SARS-CoV-2 for experimental, domestic, companion and wild animals excludes intermediate hosts of 35 different species of animals. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 2020. n/a(n/a) Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.13577.
24. World Health Organization, First data on stability and resistance of SARS coronavirus compiled by members of WHO laboratory network. 2003. Available from: https://www.who.int/csr/sars/survival_2003_05_04/en/
25. Yeo, C, Kaushal, S, Yeo, D. Enteric involvement of coronaviruses: is faecal–oral transmission of SARS-CoV-2 possible? The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology, vol 5, issue 4, p335-337, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30048-0
26. Wu Y, Guo C, Tang L, Hong Z, Zhou J, Dong X, Yin H, Xiao Q, Tang Y, Qu X, Kuang L, Fang X, Mishra N, Lu J, Shan H, Jiang G, Huang X. . (2020). Prolonged presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in faecal samples. The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 5(5), 434–435. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30083-2.
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2020-08-26
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Freitas K, Silveira R, Barbosa A. ONE HEALTH AND COVID-19: REVIEW OF THE POTENTIAL OF ANIMALS TO BE RESERVOIRS OF THE VIRUS. RVZ [Internet]. 2020 Aug. 26 [cited 2024 Nov. 21];27:1-7. Available from: https://rvz.emnuvens.com.br/rvz/article/view/481
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