SALUD ÚNICA Y COVID-19: REVISIÓN DEL POTENCIAL DE LOS ANIMALES PARA SER RESERVORIOS DEL VIRUS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35172/rvz.2020.v27.481Palabras clave:
medicina veterinária, SARS-COV-2, transmisión, zoonosisResumen
RESUMEN
La enfermedad COVID-19, causada por el agente SARS-COV-2, proviene de la mutación del virus SARS-COV de origen animal, volviéndose relevante no solo por causar infecciones en humanos sino también por tener un posible carácter zoonótico. Con esta posibilidad, los estudios buscan demostrar la presencia del agente en varias especies de animales domésticos y cuáles son las similitudes entre estos y el ser humano. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura de varias publicaciones científicas, que cubre la posibilidad de que los animales sean reservorios del nuevo agente de coronavirus, así como enfatiza la importancia de una salud única en el control de enfermedades a través de la investigación de publicaciones realizadas hasta el 10 de junio de 2020 En estudios realizados con animales de compañía, perros y gatos, probados mediante reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en tiempo real (RT-PCR), que permite la presencia del agente infeccioso en el material genético del paciente, algunos de los animales evaluados mostró resultados positivos para el nuevo coronavirus. Sin embargo, en relación con los animales de granja, hasta el momento, no se han detectado animales positivos para el nuevo coronavirus, lo que sugiere que no son susceptibles a esta infección. Con esta revisión, se enfatiza que el potencial zoonótico del nuevo coronavirus es notorio por los estudios existentes, pero aún se necesitan más estudios que aborden este tema. Además, se evidencia la importancia de una sola acción de salud de manera multidisciplinaria, en la que los médicos, enfermeras, veterinarios trabajan, entre muchos, antes de que todas las fuentes involucradas en la propagación de enfermedades, como COVID-19.
Citas
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18. Temmam S., Barbarino A., Maso D., Behillil S., Enouf V., Absence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cats and dogs in close contact with a cluster of COVID-19 patients in a veterinary campus. bioRxiv (2020).
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20. Ristow, Luiz Eduardo, Carvalho, Otávio Valério de e Gebara, Rosangela Ribeiro. COVID-19 em felinos, seu papel na saúde humana e possíveis implicações para os seus tutores e para a vigilância em saúde. Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde [online]. v. 29, n. 2 [Acessado 8 Junho 2020] , e2020228. Disponível em: <https://doi.org/10.5123/S1679-49742020000300005>. ISSN 2237-9622.
21. Wang M, Jing HQ, Xu HF, Jiang XG, Kan B, Liu QY, Wan KL, Cui BY, Zheng H, Cui ZG, Yan MY, Liang WL, Wang HX, Qi XB, Li ZJ, Li MC, Chen K, Zhang EM, Zhang SY, Hai R, Yu DZ, Xu JG. [Surveillance on severe acute respiratory syndrome associated coronavirus in animals at a live animal market of Guangzhou in 2004]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2005 Feb;26(2):84-7. Chinese. PMID: 15921605.
22. Kandeil A, Gomaa M, Shehata M, El-Taweel A, Kayed AE, Abiadh A, Jrijer J, Moatasim Y, Kutkat O, Bagato O, Mahmoud S, Mostafa A, El-Shesheny R, Perera RA, Ko RL, Hassan N, Elsokary B, Allal L, Saad A, Sobhy H, McKenzie PP, Webby RJ, Peiris M, Ali MA, Kayali G. . Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in non-camelid domestic mammals. Emerging Microbes & Infections, 2019. 8(1): p. 103-108.
23. Deng J, Jin Y, Liu Y, Sun J, Hao L, Bai J, Huang T, Lin D, Jin Y, Tian K. . Serological survey of SARS-CoV-2 for experimental, domestic, companion and wild animals excludes intermediate hosts of 35 different species of animals. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 2020. n/a(n/a) Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.13577.
24. World Health Organization, First data on stability and resistance of SARS coronavirus compiled by members of WHO laboratory network. 2003. Available from: https://www.who.int/csr/sars/survival_2003_05_04/en/
25. Yeo, C, Kaushal, S, Yeo, D. Enteric involvement of coronaviruses: is faecal–oral transmission of SARS-CoV-2 possible? The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology, vol 5, issue 4, p335-337, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30048-0
26. Wu Y, Guo C, Tang L, Hong Z, Zhou J, Dong X, Yin H, Xiao Q, Tang Y, Qu X, Kuang L, Fang X, Mishra N, Lu J, Shan H, Jiang G, Huang X. . (2020). Prolonged presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in faecal samples. The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 5(5), 434–435. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30083-2.
2. Decaro, N., Martella, V., Saif, LJ., Buonavoglia, C. (2020). COVID-19 from veterinary medicine and one health perspectives: What animal coronaviruses have taught us. Research in veterinary science, 131, 21–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.04.009
3. Buonavoglia, C., Decaro, N., Martella, V., Elia, G., Campolo, M., Desario, C., Castagnaro., Tempesta, M. (2006). Canine Coronavirus Highly Pathogenic for Dogs. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 12(3), 492-494. https://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1203.050839.
4. Mattar, SGM. Zoonotic emergence of coronavirus: A potential public risk for Latin America. Rev MVZ Cordoba. 2018;23:6775-77.
5. Rodriguez-Morales, AJ, Cardona-Ospina, JA, Gutiérrez-Ocampo, E,Villamizar-Peña, R, Holguin-Rivera, Y, Escalera-Antezana, JP et al. Clinical, laboratory and imaging features of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease, Volume 34, 2020.
6. Lam, T. T., Jia, N., Zhang, Y. W., Shum, M. H., Jiang, J. F., Zhu, H. C., Tong, Y. G., Shi, Y. X., Ni, X. B., Liao, Y. S., Li, W. J., Jiang, B. G., Wei, W., Yuan, T. T., Zheng, K., Cui, X. M., Li, J., Pei, G. Q., Qiang, X., Cheung, W. Y., … Cao, W. C. Identifying SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses in Malayan pangolins. Nature (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2169-0
7. Wong, MC., Javornik Cregeen, S. J., Ajami, N. J., Petrosino, J. F. (2020). Evidence of recombination in coronaviruses implicating pangolin origins of nCoV-2019. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2020.02.07.939207. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.07.939207
8. Shi J, Wen Z, Zhong G, Yang H, Wang C, Huang B, Liu R, He X, Shuai L, Sun Z, Zhao Y, Liu P, Liang L, Cui P, Wang J, Zhang X, Guan Y, Tan W, Wu G, Chen H, Bu Z. (2020). Susceptibility of ferrets, cats, dogs, and other domesticated animals to SARS-coronavirus 2. Science (New York, N.Y.), 368(6494), 1016–1020. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abb7015
9. OIE - World Organisation for Animal Health, Information received on 07/04/2020 from Dr Thomas Sit, Chief Veterinary Officer / Assistant Director (Inspection & Quarantine), Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, Hong Kong , Hong Kong. Follow-up report No. 1 (Final report), 2020
10. USDAa - United States Department of Agriculture. USDA Statement on the Confirmation of COVID-19 in a Tiger in New York. May, 2020. Available in <https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/newsroom/news/sa_by_date/sa-2020/ny-zoo-covid-19>. [Accessed 5 Jun 2020].
11. O’Connor, A.M, Totton, S.C. and Sargeant, J.M. A rapid review of evidence of infection of pets and livestock with human-associated coronavirus diseases, SARS, MERS, and COVID-19, and evidence of the fomite potential of pets and livestock. SYREAF [Systematic Reviews for Animals and Food]. 2020.
12.Qiang Zhang, Huajun Zhang, Kun Huang, Yong Yang, Xianfeng Hui, Jindong Gao, Xinglin He, Chengfei Li, Wenxiao Gong, Yufei Zhang, Cheng Peng, Xiaoxiao Gao, Huanchun Chen, Zhong Zou, Zhengli Shi, Meilin Jin. SARS-Cov-2 neutralizing serum antibodies in cats: a serological investigation. BioRxiv. 2020. doi: https:// doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.01.021196.
13. Lan J, Ge J, Yu J, Shan S, Zhou H, Fan S, Zhang Q, Shi X, Wang Q, Zhang L, Wang X.. Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor. Nature https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2180-5 (2020)
14. Almendros, A. Can companion animals become infected with Covid-19? Vet Record. 2020 Mar; 186: 388-389.
15. Bryner J. Cat infected with COVID-19 from owner in Belgium. Live Science. Mar 2020. Disponível em: <https://www.livescience.com/cat-infected-covid-19-from-owner.html>. [Acessado 5 Jun 2020].
16. USDAb - United States Department of Agriculture. Confirmation of COVID-19 in Pet Dog in New York. Jun, 2020. Available in: <http://aphis.usda.gov/aphisnewsroom/stakeholder-info/sa_by_date/sa-2020/sa-06/sars-cov-2-dog>. [Accessed 5 Jun 2020].
17. Liu Z, Xiao X, Wei X, Li J, Yang J, Tan H, Zhu J, Zhang Q, Wu J, Liu L.. Composition and divergence of coronavirus spike proteins and host ACE2 receptors predict potential intermediate hosts of SARS‐CoV‐2. J Med Virol. 2020; 92: 595– 601. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25726
18. Temmam S., Barbarino A., Maso D., Behillil S., Enouf V., Absence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cats and dogs in close contact with a cluster of COVID-19 patients in a veterinary campus. bioRxiv (2020).
19. Shen, M., Liu, C., Xu, R., Ruan, Z., Zhao, S., Zhang, H., Wang, W., Huang, X., Yang, L., Tang, Y., Yang, T., Jia, X. SARS-CoV-2 Infection of Cats and Dogs? Preprints. 2020.
20. Ristow, Luiz Eduardo, Carvalho, Otávio Valério de e Gebara, Rosangela Ribeiro. COVID-19 em felinos, seu papel na saúde humana e possíveis implicações para os seus tutores e para a vigilância em saúde. Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde [online]. v. 29, n. 2 [Acessado 8 Junho 2020] , e2020228. Disponível em: <https://doi.org/10.5123/S1679-49742020000300005>. ISSN 2237-9622.
21. Wang M, Jing HQ, Xu HF, Jiang XG, Kan B, Liu QY, Wan KL, Cui BY, Zheng H, Cui ZG, Yan MY, Liang WL, Wang HX, Qi XB, Li ZJ, Li MC, Chen K, Zhang EM, Zhang SY, Hai R, Yu DZ, Xu JG. [Surveillance on severe acute respiratory syndrome associated coronavirus in animals at a live animal market of Guangzhou in 2004]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2005 Feb;26(2):84-7. Chinese. PMID: 15921605.
22. Kandeil A, Gomaa M, Shehata M, El-Taweel A, Kayed AE, Abiadh A, Jrijer J, Moatasim Y, Kutkat O, Bagato O, Mahmoud S, Mostafa A, El-Shesheny R, Perera RA, Ko RL, Hassan N, Elsokary B, Allal L, Saad A, Sobhy H, McKenzie PP, Webby RJ, Peiris M, Ali MA, Kayali G. . Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in non-camelid domestic mammals. Emerging Microbes & Infections, 2019. 8(1): p. 103-108.
23. Deng J, Jin Y, Liu Y, Sun J, Hao L, Bai J, Huang T, Lin D, Jin Y, Tian K. . Serological survey of SARS-CoV-2 for experimental, domestic, companion and wild animals excludes intermediate hosts of 35 different species of animals. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 2020. n/a(n/a) Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.13577.
24. World Health Organization, First data on stability and resistance of SARS coronavirus compiled by members of WHO laboratory network. 2003. Available from: https://www.who.int/csr/sars/survival_2003_05_04/en/
25. Yeo, C, Kaushal, S, Yeo, D. Enteric involvement of coronaviruses: is faecal–oral transmission of SARS-CoV-2 possible? The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology, vol 5, issue 4, p335-337, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30048-0
26. Wu Y, Guo C, Tang L, Hong Z, Zhou J, Dong X, Yin H, Xiao Q, Tang Y, Qu X, Kuang L, Fang X, Mishra N, Lu J, Shan H, Jiang G, Huang X. . (2020). Prolonged presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in faecal samples. The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 5(5), 434–435. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30083-2.
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2020-08-26
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Freitas K, Silveira R, Barbosa A. SALUD ÚNICA Y COVID-19: REVISIÓN DEL POTENCIAL DE LOS ANIMALES PARA SER RESERVORIOS DEL VIRUS. RVZ [Internet]. 26 de agosto de 2020 [citado 21 de noviembre de 2024];27:1-7. Disponible en: https://rvz.emnuvens.com.br/rvz/article/view/481
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