Metabolic syndrome: relationship between obesity, insulin resistance and systemic hypertension in small animals
Keywords:
cats, cholesterol, dogs, endocrinopathy, triglyceridesAbstract
The present review aims to define the metabolic syndrome and the action of fat on insulin
resistance and hypertension in small animals (dogs and cats). Metabolic syndrome is
considered a set of risk factors that predispose individuals to the development of insulin
resistance and hypertension, which can lead to endocrine disease, as diabetes mellitus type 2
and cardiovascular disease. It consists of obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia,
hypertension and slight increase or in the upper limit of fasting serum glucose. The adipose
tissue functions as an important endocrine organ, secreting factors that contribute to increased
blood glucose levels, decreased insulin action and increased blood pressure in the body.
Treatment of the syndrome is mainly based on physical activity and dieting. Although it is
often diagnosed in Medicine, there are still doubts about its existence and pathophysiological
mechanisms in Veterinary Medicine, so further studies should be conducted in the area.
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