HARINA DE INSECTOS EN PIENSOS NO RUMIANTES, UNA ALTERNATIVA ALIMENTARIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35172/rvz.2020.v27.428Palabras clave:
Ingrediente, Producción animal, Sostenibilidad, ProteínaResumen
Dada la creciente búsqueda de alternativas para alimentos y piensos, el uso de una fuente de proteínas de la cría de insectos a gran escala parece ser una perspectiva atractiva hoy en día. La cría de insectos, debido a la naturaleza de la especie, tiene algunas ventajas que refuerzan aún más su uso, como alimentarse de una variedad de subproductos de la industria, no competir con el uso de recursos alimenticios, tener un alto valor nutricional y, cuando se consume , actuar en el desarrollo de microbiota beneficiosa y como inmunomoduladores. Algunos estudios destacan el uso de harinas de diferentes insectos como sustituto de la harina animal y la harina de soya en los alimentos monogástricos, lo que además de proporcionar un perfil de aminoácidos similar y / o superior a estos ingredientes convencionales puede reducir el costo. alimento consumido por especies monogástricas de interés zootécnico, impactando significativamente el sistema de producción. Cabe destacar algunos puntos sobre la viabilidad de la producción de estas harinas para su uso como fuente de proteínas en la alimentación animal, por lo que el presente trabajo busca reunir las aplicaciones y los resultados recientes obtenidos con el uso de harina de insectos en la alimentación y nutrición de animales monogástricos, impactos en el rendimiento, la salud y la calidad de los productos originados.
Citas
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3 Dossey AT, Morales-Ramos JÁ, Rojas MG. Insects as sustainable food ingredients: production, processing and food applications. Academic Press Elsevier; 2016. <https://books.google.com.br/books?hl=ptPT&lr=&id=fgFKCgAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Insects+as+sustainable+food+ingredients:+production,+processing+and+food+applicationots=u4bXELCJm7&sig=3Ah2mhdaGkHGkmVtsdLqywXLm8#v=onepage&q=Insects%20as%20sustainable%20food%20ingredients%3A%20production%2C%20processing%20and%20food%20applications&f=false>
4 Van Huis A, Van Itterbeeck J, Klunder H, Mertens E, Halloran A, Muir G, Vantomme P. Edible insects: future prospects for food and feed security. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations; 2013. https://library.wur.nl/WebQuery/wurpubs/fulltext/258042
5 Vilella LDM. Produção de insetos para uso na alimentação animal. [Trabalho de conclusão de curso apresentado como requisito para obtenção do grau de Zootecnista]. Porto Alegre: Faculdade de Agronomia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; 2018. https://www.lume.ufrgs.br/bitstream/handle/10183/180588/001072223.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
6 Ramos-Elorduy, J. González EA, Hernández AR, Pino JM. Use of Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) to recycle organic wastes and as feed for broiler chickens. J. Econ. Entomol. 2002;95(1):214-220. https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-0493-95.1.214
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9 Wang D, Bai YY, Li JH, Zhang CX. Nutritional value of the field cricket (Gryllus testaceus Walker). Insect Sci. 2004;11:275-283. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7917.2004.tb00424.x
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12 Al-Quazzaz MF, Ismail DB. Insect meal as a source of protein in animal diet. Anim Nutr Feed Techn. 2016;16:527-547. doi: 10.5958/0974-181X.2016.00038.X
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15 Bovera F, Piccolo G, Gasco L, Marono S, Loponte R, Vassalotti G, Mastellone V, Lombardi P, Attia YA, Nizza, A. Yellow mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor, L.) as a possible alternative to soybean meal in broiler diets. Brit Poultry Sci. 2015;56(5):569-575. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2015.1080815
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20 Schiavone A, De Marco M, Martínez S, Dabbou S, Renna M, Madrid J, Hernandez J, Rotolo L, Costa P, Gai F, Gasco, L. Nutritional value of a partially defatted and a highly defatted black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens L.) meal for broiler chickens: apparent nutrient digestibility, apparent metabolizable energy and apparent ileal amino acid digestibility. J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2017;8(1):51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-017-0181-5
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2 Collavo A, Glew RH, Huang YS, Chuang LT, Bosse R, PAOLETTI MG. House cricket small-scale farming. In: Ecological Implications of Minilivestock: Potential of Insects, Rodents, Frogs and Snails. Science Publishers. New Hampshire: Paoletti MG (Ed.), 2005, pp. 519-544. <https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Alberto_Collavo/publication/288624354_Housekricket_smallscale_farming_in_Ecological_implications_of_minilivestock_potential_of_insects_rodents_frogs_and_snails/links/568a9dfb08aebccc4e1a0d5e/Housekricket-smallscale-farming-in-Ecological-implications-of-minilivestock-potential-of-insects-rodents-frogs-and-snails.pdf>
3 Dossey AT, Morales-Ramos JÁ, Rojas MG. Insects as sustainable food ingredients: production, processing and food applications. Academic Press Elsevier; 2016. <https://books.google.com.br/books?hl=ptPT&lr=&id=fgFKCgAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Insects+as+sustainable+food+ingredients:+production,+processing+and+food+applicationots=u4bXELCJm7&sig=3Ah2mhdaGkHGkmVtsdLqywXLm8#v=onepage&q=Insects%20as%20sustainable%20food%20ingredients%3A%20production%2C%20processing%20and%20food%20applications&f=false>
4 Van Huis A, Van Itterbeeck J, Klunder H, Mertens E, Halloran A, Muir G, Vantomme P. Edible insects: future prospects for food and feed security. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations; 2013. https://library.wur.nl/WebQuery/wurpubs/fulltext/258042
5 Vilella LDM. Produção de insetos para uso na alimentação animal. [Trabalho de conclusão de curso apresentado como requisito para obtenção do grau de Zootecnista]. Porto Alegre: Faculdade de Agronomia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; 2018. https://www.lume.ufrgs.br/bitstream/handle/10183/180588/001072223.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
6 Ramos-Elorduy, J. González EA, Hernández AR, Pino JM. Use of Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) to recycle organic wastes and as feed for broiler chickens. J. Econ. Entomol. 2002;95(1):214-220. https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-0493-95.1.214
7 Oliveira MRD. Perfil e digestibilidade de farinhas de insetos avaliadas com galos cecectomizados. [Dissertação]. Lavras: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Lavras; 2018. http://repositorio.ufla.br/jspui/bitstream/1/33446/1/DISSERTA%C3%87%C3%83O_Perfil%20e%20digestibilidade%20de%20farinhas%20de%20insetos%20avaliadas%20com%20galos%20cecectomizados.pdf
8 Longvah T, Mangthya K, Ramulu P. Nutrient composition and protein quality evaluation of eri silkworm (Samia ricinii) prepupae and pupae. Food Chem. 2011; 128:400-403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.03.041
9 Wang D, Bai YY, Li JH, Zhang CX. Nutritional value of the field cricket (Gryllus testaceus Walker). Insect Sci. 2004;11:275-283. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7917.2004.tb00424.x
10 Rumpold BA, Schlüter OK. Insect-based protein sources and their potential for human consumption: Nutritional composition and processing. Anim Front. 2015;5(2):20–24. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Birgit_Rumpold/publication/275016949_Insect-based_protein_sources_and_their_potential_for_human_consumption_Nutritional_composition_and_processing/links/552e36980cf2acd38cb90357.pdf
11 Esteban MA, Cuesta AJ, Ortuna J, Mesegue J. Immunomodulatory effects of dietary intake of chitin on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) innate imune system. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2001;11:303-315. https://doi.org/10.1006/fsim.2000.0315
12 Al-Quazzaz MF, Ismail DB. Insect meal as a source of protein in animal diet. Anim Nutr Feed Techn. 2016;16:527-547. doi: 10.5958/0974-181X.2016.00038.X
13 Brinchmann BC, Bayat M, Brøgger T, Muttuvelu DV, Tjønneland A, Sigsgaard T. A possible role of chitin in the pathogenesis of asthma and allergy. Ann Agric. Environ. Med. 2011;18(1):7-12.
14 Alessandri G, Milani C, Duranti S, Mancabelli L, Ranjanoro T, Modica S, Carnevali L, Statello R, Bottacini F, Turroni F, Ossiprandi MC, Andrea Sgoifo A, Sinderen DV. Ability of bifidobacteria to metabolize chitin-glucan and its impact on the gut microbiota. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):5755. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-42257-z
15 Bovera F, Piccolo G, Gasco L, Marono S, Loponte R, Vassalotti G, Mastellone V, Lombardi P, Attia YA, Nizza, A. Yellow mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor, L.) as a possible alternative to soybean meal in broiler diets. Brit Poultry Sci. 2015;56(5):569-575. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2015.1080815
16 Makkar HPS, Tran G, Heuzé V, Ankers P. State-of-the-art on use of insects as animal feed. Anim. Feed Sci Technol. 2014;197:1-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.07.008
17 Ramos-Elorduy J, Moreno JMP, Prado EE, Perez MA, Otero JL, De Guevara OL. Nutritional value of edible insects from the state of Oaxaca, Mexico. J. Food Compos. Anal. 1997;10(2):142-157. https://doi.org/10.1006/jfca.1997.0530
18 Kitsa K. Contribution des insectes comestibles à l'amélioration de la ration alimentaire au Kasai-Occidental à Zaire. Zaire-Afrique. 1989;239:511-519.
19 Ijaiya AT, Eko EO. Effect of replacing dietary fish meal with silkworm (Anaphe infracta) caterpillar meal on performance, carcass characteristics and haematological parameters of finishing broiler chicken. Pak. J. Nutri. 2009;8:850-855. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2009.850.855
20 Schiavone A, De Marco M, Martínez S, Dabbou S, Renna M, Madrid J, Hernandez J, Rotolo L, Costa P, Gai F, Gasco, L. Nutritional value of a partially defatted and a highly defatted black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens L.) meal for broiler chickens: apparent nutrient digestibility, apparent metabolizable energy and apparent ileal amino acid digestibility. J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2017;8(1):51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-017-0181-5
21 Dabbou S, Gai F, Biasato I, Capucchio MT, Biasibetti E, Dezzutto D, Meneguz M, Plachà I, Gasgo L, Schiavone A. Black soldier fly defatted meal as a dietary protein source for broiler chickens: Effects on growth performance, blood traits, gut morphology and histological features. J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2018;9(1):49. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-018-0266-9.
22 Macari M, Maiorka A. Função gastrintestinal e seu impacto no rendimento avícola. In: Conferência Apinco de Ciência e Tecnologia Avícolas; 2000, Campinas. Campinas: FACTA; 2000. p.161-174.
23 Altmann B, Neumann C, Velten S, Liebert F, Mörlein D. Meat quality derived from high inclusion of a micro-alga or insect meal as an alternative protein source in poultry diets: A pilot study. Foods. 2018;7(3):34. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods7030034
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