REVIEW ON USE OF GNRH AGONISTS ON FELINE CONTRACEPTION

Abstract

In several feline species there is a need for contraception in order to prevent overpopulations. Despite the ovariohysterectomy or ovariectomy are the methods of choice for most cats, reproductive management of endangered species requires safe and reversible contraceptive methods. Many aspects must be considered for the choice of contraceptive protocols and different methods have been described. GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone) agonists are an alternative to methods associated with adverse effects as mammary tumors and pyometra. GnRH influences the reproductive process, modulating the gametogenesis, and therefore can be used to inhibit reproduction through direct suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in both males and females. In female cats, GnRH agonists overlap the endogenous pulse, initially stimulating folliculogenesis and ovulation, followed by ovarian quiescence. Although effective as a contraceptive, studies are needed to elucidate the return of fertility of females treated. In male cats, suppression of testosterone, sexual behavior and the development of penile spines were observed. This way GnRH agonists can be considered a viable method of suppression of sexual function cats.