AÇÃO DAS ESPÉCIES REATIVAS DE OXIGÊNIO NOS ESPERMATOZOIDES
Palabras clave:
células de esperma, estrés oxidativo, los radicales libresResumen
Para que el esperma puede desempeñar sus funciones y lograr el objetivo final, que es la
fertilización, requieren energía que proviene de trifosfato de adenosina (ATP). Durante el
metabolismo de la energía se almacena en forma de electrones de alta energía que se dirige a
la cadena de transporte de electrones, compuesto de cinco proteínas supramolecular. En este
proceso, se produce la formación de una, el anión intermedio radical semiquinona (Q-
) que es
finalmente capaz de transferir este electrón desapareado a O2 y formar especies reactivas del
oxígeno, la superóxido principal, peróxido de hidrógeno y el radical hidroxilo. Estas
moléculas son procesos de activación altamente reactivos y espermatozoides que llevan a la
degradación y la disminución de la calidad celular. Sin embargo, estas mismas moléculas que
a menudo se consideran grandes villanos, también participan en los mecanismos que
culminan en la fertilización y la formación de cigoto, adquiriendo así una gran importancia.
Con el advenimiento de la criopreservación del semen y el estrés oxidativo asociado con el
procesamiento, especies reactivas de oxígeno entraron en evidencia en la investigación, por lo
que es necesario estudiar su acción y formas de reducir el estrés oxidativo.
Citas
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