Sensitivity profile of bacteria isolated of domestic animals in the region of botucatu to cloranfenicol and florfenicol
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35172/rvz.2009.v16.388Keywords:
cloranfenicol, florfenicol, bacterial sensitivity, bacterial resistanceAbstract
The advent of antimicrobians allowed control and cure of the infectious diseases, changing disease’s
natural evolution in a remarkable way. The results of local programs that maintain vigilance regarding
antimicrobians resistance are of high importance, because its role as auxiliary to choose empiric
therapeutics, especially on infections whose etiologic diagnosis is difficult. Specifically on small
animals amtimicrobian therapy, it is known the importance of cloranfenicol, because its broad
spectrum and high liposolubility allowing a wide diffusion through biological barriers. This synthetic,
propanodiol-derived antimicrobian agent has in its structural formula a nitro group that provokes
nonreversible aplasic anemia in primates. The first step was to remove this radical and substitutes for a
metil sulfonil radical, resulting on tianfenicol. However, because its slow cellular storage, this
compound showed higher minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) than cloranfenicol and so, the
bacteria became easily resistant. Thus, the characteristics of this molecule were consistently modified,
dropping the hidroxil group and adding a flour atom, arising this way an accurate, safe, non-resistance
inducer, broad spectrum combination called florfenicol. However, the massive and inadequate use of
antimicrobians has an effect on augment of antimicrobians resistance ratios, showing a direct relation
between quantity of used antimicrobians and bacterial resistance incidence. The objective of this study
was to verify the sensitivity of the main infectious agents in animals facing cloranfenicol and
florfenicol, and to compare the efficiency of both of them against several pathogenic bacteria. The
retrospective study was developed through 562 antibiograms, performed in the Laboratory of
Microbiologic Diagnosis of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science at São Paulo State
University-Campus Botucatu, from January 2000, to June 2006.
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