SEROEPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEY FOR CANINE LEPTOSPIROSIS IN THE COAST OF SÃO PAULO STATE, BRAZIL
Keywords:
Leptospira spp., dogs, antibodies, infection, public health, coastAbstract
Leptospirosis is a worldwide anthropozoonosis, mainly distributed in coastal and tropical
regions, and caused by the bacterium Leptospira spp. In urban areas, synanthropic rodents are
the main transmitters to humans and other animals through the urine. Dogs can participate as
domestic reservoirs to the human infection due to the renal persistence and elimination of the
bacterium through the urine. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the presence of
antibodies to Leptospira spp. in serum samples from dogs in Ubatuba municipality, São Paulo
State, Brazil. Associations between the serological results and epidemiological variables such
as breed, age, sex, access to the street, access to untreated water, previous vaccination against
leptospirosis, and presence of rodents, were assessed. Leptopira spp. antibodies were detected
in 30/205 (14.6%) serum samples, and the prevalent serovars were Pyrogenes (30%),
Autumnalis (23.3%), and Canicola (20%). No coagglutination was observed, as well as no
significant association was observed between the studied epidemiological variables and the
serology (p-value > 0.05). Thus, leptospirosis is active and circulating the studied city, which
has high rainfall index; however, factors like access of dogs to the street, accumulated water
and presence of rodents did not present the expected importance. Further studies should be
conducted in the studied region focusing the detection of antibodies in stray dogs, which are
more exposed to the bacterium in coastal and tropical areas, as well as live close to the
production and herbivorous animals.
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